Likert scales, levels of measurement and the ‘‘laws’’ of statistics
Geoff Norman
Reviewers of research reports frequently criticize the choice of statistical methods. While some of these criticisms are well-founded, frequently the use of various parametric methods such as analysis of variance, regression, correlation are faulted because: (a) the sample size is too small, (b) the data may not be normally distributed, or (c) The data are from Likert scales, which are ordinal, so parametric statistics cannot be used. In this paper, I dissect these arguments, and show that many studies, dating back to the 1930s consistently show that parametric statistics are robust with respect to violations of these assumptions. Hence, challenges like those above are unfounded, and parametric methods can be utilized without concern for ‘‘getting the wrong answer’’.
Parametric statistics can be used with Likert data, with small sample sizes, with unequal variances, and with non-normal distributions, with no fear of ‘‘coming to the wrong conclusion’’. These findings are consistent with empirical literature dating back nearly 80 years. The controversy can cease (but likely won’t).

Resolving the 50-year debate around using and misusing Likert scales
James Carifio & Rocco Perla

Nikmati diskusinya di sini

Dibatalkan

Kementerian Dalam Negeri (Kemendagri) membatalkan Peraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri (Permendagri) Nomor 3 Tahun 2018 tentang Penerbitan Surat Keterangan Penelitian (SKP). Aturan tentang itu dikembalikan ke Permendagri yang lama. Untuk perbaikan, Kemendagri akan meminta masukan dulu dari para akademisi dan peneliti yang akan dilakukan melalui Focus Group Discussion (FGD).
Selasa, 06 Pebruari 2018 23:00:30. Permendagri tentang SKP Dibatalkan, Kembali ke Aturan Lama

Sebagai bentuk tertib administrasi dan pengendalian pelaksanaan penelitian dalam rangka kewaspadaan terhadap dampak negatif yang diperkirakan akan timbul dari proses penelitian, Kemendagri mengeluarkan Permendagri No. 3 Tahun 2018 tentang Penerbitan Surat Keterangan Penelitian (SKP).

Setiap peneliti yang melakukan penelitian lingkup nasional, provinsi, maupun kabupaten/kota, harus memiliki SKP. Kecuali terhadap tugas akhir pendidikan/sekolah dan penelitian yang dilakukan instansi pemerintah yang sumber pendanaannya dari APBN/APBD.

Sistematika thesis/disertasi

Reference

James P. Sampson. 2012. A Guide to Quantitative and Qualitative Dissertation Research. Department of Educational Psychology and Learning Systems, Florida State University Libraries

Beberapa istilah dalam penelitian yang penting untuk dipahami. Antara lain

Nurul Fadly Habidin

Ada 3 alasan ujian disertasi.
1. Apakah itu betul pekerjaan Anda
2. Apakah Anda paham dengan pekerjaan Anda sendiri
3. Apakah Anda pantas mendapatkan gelar Doktor (kontribusi terhadap pengetahuan)

Butir-butir pertanyaan, antara lain:
1. Pemahaman
2. Hubungannya dengan riset yang lain
3. Kebaruan (novelty)
4. Apa implikasi penelitian Anda
5. Hipotesis
6. Why did you do it the way you did?

Lebih rinci, kunjungi: Nasty PhD Viva Questions

Rubrik Penilaian Disertasi

Chapter 1
Articulation and originality of a question of interest/Problem statement

• The problem statement is presented and articulated clearly and uniquely, and its importance to the profession/field is demonstrated.
• Meaningful relationships between concepts and/or variables under study are analyzed and add a new perspective on previous research regarding the topic.
• A credible argument that the study will uniquely and significantly contribute to knowledge in the field/profession is presented.

Chapter 2
Comprehensive literature review

• Literature review presents in an accurate and comprehensive manner the status of current research literature on the topic under study.
• Literature review is synthesized into a research topic or question that has the potential to contribute to knowledge in the field/profession.
• Identifies gaps where further research is needed.
• Establishes a theoretical framework for investigating those gaps and questions.

Chapter 3
Methodology

• An understanding of the methodology’s suitability to the dissertation as contribution to knowledge is demonstrated.
• Presents and assesses the suitability of the methodology to the topic.

Chapter 4
Communication of results

• Results of the data collection are presented in an objective manner.
• Results of the data collection use techniques that describe the data and reveal meaningful relationships that exist in the data.
• The results are interpreted, which allows for a speculation on new/hidden relationships.

Chapter 5
Discussion of results/Implications for future research

• Complete discussion of analysis of results from many different perspectives in a scholarly and objective manner.
• Conclusions clearly follow from results, are accurately described in detail in terms of data analysis, and show methodological and conceptual rigor.
• Fully accounts for the study’s clinical, professional, and academic implications. Understand the place of the study in history and meanings associated with research on topic. Is capable of using the current study as a platform for discussion of the topic globally and historically.
• Fully describes possible limitations to research methodology, alternatives for operational definitions of constructs, and possible researcher influences.
• Connects these limitations clearly to outcomes and results. Designs changes to study that would account for the above-mentioned limitations.

Rubrik Evaluasi Disertasi

Silahkan yang butuh Research paper or Books..

Silahkan cari di laman berikut:
1) http://gen.lib.rus.ec
2) http://sci-hub.org
3) http://sci-hub.cc
4) http://sci-hub.bz
4) http://search.crossref.org
5) http://booksc.org/
6) http://libgen.io/
7) http://gen.lib.rus.ec/scimag/
8) http://airccj.org/csecfp/library/index.php

for text books, these are the links:
1) http://libgen.org/
2) http://gen.lib.rus.ec/
3) http://en.bookfi.org/
4) http://lib.freescienceengineering.org/
5) http://bookza.org/
6) http://bookzz.org/

Free Download Fulltext Articles From Journals and Ebooks..

Untuk yang open akses, terdapat beberapa pilihan yang bagus :

1. Directory of Open Access scholarly Resources (ROAD)
http://www.kopertis12.or.id/2016/03/13/directory-of-open-access-scholarly-resources-road.html

Terdapat 13.745 open access resources dari 150 Negara siap diunduh, terdiri dari: 13.062 journal diantaranya 2.625 yang terindex Scopus 240 Academic Repositoriies 202 Monographic Series 126 Conference Proceeding 103 Scolarly Blogs.

2. Indonesia OneSearch by The National Library of Indonesia, 2016
http://www.kopertis12.or.id/2016/02/12/indonesia-onesearch-by-the-national-library-of-indonesia-2016.html

Terhimpun Journal dan ebook dari berbagai institusi dalam dan luar negeri.
Terdapat 2.734 Journal reputasi berbagai bidang ilmu, sebanyak 21.473.752 artikel jurnal full text avaiable SIAP DIUNDUH, tanpa perlu login.

3. Journals with Open Access options
http://journalfinder.elsevier.com

Dengan mengisi kata kunci title dan abstrak dan conteng kotak Filter : Limit to journals with Open Access options.

4. OAJ terindex Scopus yang dikelola Elsevier/Sciencedirect
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journals/all/all-open-access

Kelihatannya terdapat 2.282 jurnal, namun hanya Edisi tertentu dari jurnal tsb yg free.

5. OMICS Open Access Journals
http://www.omicsonline.org/open-access-journals-list.php

OMICS Internasional is current managing 700 + Open Access Journals in field of Clinical, Medical, Life Science, Pharma, Environmental..

6. IEEE Xplore Digital Library
http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/Xplore/home.jsp

7. Browse Journals-Wiley Open Access
http://www.wileyopenaccess.com/view/journals.html

8. Directory of Open Access Journals
https://doaj.org

9. Open Access Journals Search Engine (OAJSE)
http://www.oajse.com

10. BookSC
The world’s largest scientific articles store. 50,000,000+ articles for free.
http://booksc.org/

11. Portal e-journal langganan Kemristekdikti
ProQuest:
http://search.proquest.com
Cengage:
http://infotrac.galegroup.com/itweb
Untuk Pencarian Terpadu:
http://ristekdikti.summon.serialssolutions.com
Untuk peroleh username dan password ikuti ini:
http://simlitabmas.dikti.go.id/ejournal/Default.aspx

Sumber : NN

NOTES ABOUT TABLES AND FIGURES IN WRITE-UPS

1. Do not show tables and figures unless they are necessary for your argument/line of thoughts. All must be accompanied by some description. There is no room for “gambar untuk hiasan” or “photo without description” in technical and academic writings.

2. Here are some items that should accompany tables and figures:

Sebuah terbitan berkala “Journal of Vibroengineering” telah menarik tiga artikel 2016 dengan alasan karena terlalu banyak dikutip. Penulis utamanya, Magd Abdel Wahab (Professor and Chair of Applied Mechanics di Ghent University, Belgia), dicurigai telah meminta peserta konferensi untuk mengutip tulisan artikel tersebut, disamping ada fakta bahwa salah satu co-authornya berposisi sebagai Ketua pada konferensi itu. Hampir tiga perempat makalah konferensi yang mengutip artikel mereka, sehingga dianggap cukup alasan untuk menyatakan bahwa kemungkinan besar telah terjadi manipulasi kutipan.

Mengingat tulisan-tulisan Wahab tersebut tidak bermasalah secara ilmiah, Retracion Watch mempertanyakan hal ini. Setelah diadakan investigasi, ditemukan bahwa telah terjadi kesalahan tidak disengaja, dan pihak editor pun tak punya bukti kuat mengenai adanya upaya memobilisasi pengutipan ketiga artikel tersebut.

Karena kurang alat bukti, pihak editor akhirnya akan kembali menerbitkan artikel-artikel tersebut pada pertengahan Februari 2018.

Victoria Stern. February 2nd, 2018. Three papers retracted… for being cited too frequently. Retraction Watch.

Ada 10 strategi

10 Strategies for a Successful Research Journey

Dear PhD Juniors,
Top 10 Questions that Every Examiner will Ask you during VIVA…..I just gave you Hints as an answer, Please go to Dr. Google and prepare the full answer…Don’t write another book, Just One Paragraph answer is enough…Good Luck….You will not Regret if you follow these Questions..I was asked these Questions and I was Prepared…..? For the Multimedia Presentation of this PDF file,

Top TEN Questions that Every Examiner Will Ask You during Your VIVA

FB Dr. Qais Faryadi