Adanya Perbedaan dalam Menyikapi haramnya Bay al inah

Definisi Bay Al Inah Secara Teknis

The selling of an asset with a mark up price on deferred payment, by the “nawaitu” or intention to sell the certain assetes which is the same one of the asset to the debtor with lower cash price, which is meant to settle Opinion of his debt.

Penjualan aset dengan mark up harga pada pembayaran yang ditangguhkan, dengan maksud untuk menjual aset yang sama kepada debitur dengan harga tunai yang lebih rendah, yang dimaksudkan untuk menyelesaikan  utangnya.

Sekedar ilustrasi sebagai berikut :

Mula – mula Pihak Bank misalkan menjual sepeda montor dengan cicilan seharga Rp.10 juta(dicicil per bulan Rp.1juta dalam waktu 10 bulan) ke si A (Adul), kemudian oleh si Adul motor yang sama dijual lagi ke Bank seharga Rp. 8 juta, maka Adul dapat Rp 8juta cash tetapi Adul mesti bayar cicilan per bulan Rp 1 juta dalam tempo misalkan 10 bulan. Sebagai konsekuensi dari transaksi pertama A memang harus membayar cicilan tersebut perbulan Rp 1juta dalam tempo 10X 1bulan. Dalam hal ini Rp 8 juta sudah ada di tangan A, karena sebetulnya A tidak butuh motor tetapi A butuh duit. Jadi dengan duit cash Rp 8juta A ternyata harus mencicil Rp 1juta dalam tempoh 10 bulan.

Perbedaan dari Sudut Pandang Alim Ulama

The Opinion of Muslim scholars: Their opinion of that such a sale is permissible, because  based on analogy, the contract is just like to other sale and purchase contracts i.e.  that transfer of  ownership of the underlaying assets is taken place.  The majority of scholars view that such of akad of that kind of sale is forbidden. They are The Scholars of Al Imam Hanafi Fiqih Mazhab,  Imam Maliki Fiqih Mazhab, Imam Ahmad ibnu Hanbal Fiqih Mazhab, and some Shafi’is. According to the opinion of such scholars just like Imam Shafi’i,Imam Abu Dawud, Imam Abu Yusuf, and Imam Abu Thurmudzi are scholars of the view that this contract of sale is not contrary to Shariah principles.

Condition of Bay’ Al-’Inah

Dewan Peansihat Shariah dari Bank Negara Malaysia  resolved that bay’ al-inah is still necessary in Malaysian context. However market players are required to strengthen and enhance all of their operational processes and documentations to comply with the features of bay’ al-inah permitted.

Bay’ al-inah is permissible if those such conditions are followed:

The Akad of the transaction of bay’ al-’inah has to strictly follow the mechanism which is accepted by the Shafie school The transacted item must not a ribawi item. The buyer must receive (take possession) the good before selling it back to the original seller.

Opinion of Scholars (Pandangan Alim Ulama terhadap Bay Al-‘inah).

Scholars are divided into two group:

1. Those that prohibit, Majority of the scholar including Hanafi, Maliki and Hanbali prohibit al-’inah transaction The same result adopted by the Shariah council of AAOIFI and majority of Shariah Advisory Council in Malaysia and Brunei
2. Those that permit  Includes Imam Shafie and supported by Ibn Hazm and application Shariah Advisory Council of Bank Negara Malaysia

Justification of Those That Prohibit

It is hilah to riba definition

The underlying issue on bay’ al-inah is the difference between the muqtada al-’aqd and the actual motive of the contracting parties, whether to have a real contract of sale or as hilah for liquidity or monetary purposes. The polemic in the issue of permissibility of bay’ al-inah is the status of hilah. As far as hilah is deemed as demeaning the religion, bay’ al-inah will not be acceptable. However, if hilah is regarded as a mode to solve problems (makhraj) that is much needed by the people, bay’ al-inah transaction may be acceptable.

Justification of Those That Permit

Shafii approved bay’ al-’inah as financing mode.  A sale which is followed by a subsequent sale but without any intention to have al-’inah arrangement. Al-’Inah that involves two contracts of sale in which the price of each contract (either cash or deferred) is similar to the other. Al-’Inah which is concluded on an asset with a gap of time between the two contracts, the purchase and sale contracts. Al-’Inah which is concluded on an asset which has changed in certain aspect.

Bay’ al-inah has been used to construct numerous  financing product offered by the bank in Malaysia: Personnel financing Working Capital Financing:  Istisna’ between 2 parties,  BBA financing products, Islamic credit card, Sukuk Murabahah, Islamic Overdraft, Murabahah Trade Financing.