Proses Riset (Crotty, 1998)

Menurut Crotty (1998) dalam setiap proses penelitian ada empat unsur dasar.

1. Epistemologi
2. Perspektif teoritis
3. Metodologi
4. Metode

Gambar ini dijelaskan oleh tabel berikut.

Namun Crotty tidak memasukkan ontology, dengan alasan:

“Ontological issues and epistemological issues tend to emerge together (….) to talk of the construction of meaning is to talk of the construction of meaningful reality (…) because of this confluence, writers in the research literature have trouble keeping ontology and epistemology apart conceptually” (p. 11).

Sementara Porta & Keating (2008) menjelaskan keterkaitan antara unsur-unsur dalam proses penelitian sebagaimana ditunjukkan pada tabel berikut.

Referensi

Crotty, M. (1998). The Foundations of Social Research: Meaning and perspective in the research process. London: SAGE Publications Ltd.

Porta, D. della, & Keating, M. (2008). Approaches and Methodologies in the Social Sciences. (D. della Porta & M. Keating, Eds.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.