Pengganti “According to”

Agar tidak monoton dan membosankan, dalam penulisan ilmiah kata “according to…” atau “menurut …” hendaknya dikurangi, diganti dengan berbagai pilihan kata. Penjelasan di bawah ini semoga dapat membantu.

1. as claimed by, in the opinion of, on the authority of

According to local gossip they haven’t been in touch for years.

1. as claimed by
2. in the opinion of
3. on the authority of
4. as stated by
5. as believed by
6. on the report of
7. as maintained by
8. on the word of
9. as said by
10. based on
11. in a way that is based on
12. as recorded by

Dapat juga digunakan kata-kata berikut

2. in keeping with (in conformity or accord with), in line with, consistent with

They played according to the rules.

1. in keeping with
2. in line with
3. consistent with
4. in accordance with
5. in the manner of
6. in harmony with
7. in agreement with
8. in concert with
9. in sympathy with
10. in compliance with
11. in conformity with
12. in obedience to
13. after the manner of
14. in assent with
15. in congruence with
16. pursuant to
17. as directed by
18. as required by
19. conforming to
20. in agreement with
21. consistent with

3. in relation to, depending on, in proportion to

Prices vary according to the quantity ordered.

• in relation to
• depending on
• in proportion to
• proportional to
• commensurate with
• as per

Untuk contoh penggunaannya, kita dapat melihatnya dengan melakukan copy paste kata-kata  tersebut ke https://ludwig.guru atau Google Dictionary

Contoh peggunaan lainnya:

“According to X, the moon is made of green cheese”

• “If one accepts the research of X, the moon is made of green cheese”
• “X has argued [convincingly, often, in other places, etc] that the moon is made of green cheese”
• “Some commentators, most notably X, have argued that the moon is made of green cheese”
• “Although X has mounted a case for the moon being made of green cheese, other studies (Y et al, 1492; Z & A, 1066 ) have suggested that it is in fact made of blue cheese.”

Sumber:  
https://cpb-us-e1.wpmucdn.com/blog.stcloudstate.edu/dist/d/10/files/2016/09/SynonymsForSaid-1yitpce.pdf https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english-thesaurus/according-to  https://www.thesaurus.com/browse/according%20to     http://www.dictionary.com/browse/according-to  https://www.quora.com/What-other-words-could-be-used-instead-of-according-to

Dalam Bahasa Indonesia, kita dapat menggunakan kata “menurut”. Misalnya, “menurut Smith (1966) …”. Namun demikian terdapat pula berbagai pilihan kata penggantinya sebagaimana dicontohkan di bawah ini.

Penemuan Russell (1999) dengan jelas menunjukkan bahwa …
McKenzie (1988) menentang pandangan bahwa …
Lee (2000) berpendapat bahwa …
Briggs (1990) menyatakan bahwa …
Seperti yang dilaporkan Watson (1977) …
Seperti pendapat Black (1999) …
Huynh (1992) menggarisbawahi bahwa …
Patel (1989) menunjuk pada …
Studi yang dilakukan oleh Chen (1993) mengidentifikasi …
Watts (1999) berpendapat/berkomentar/mengklaim/menyatakan/bertahan dengan pendapatnya …
Hansen (1988) telah menyelidiki …
Nguyen (1995) mendiskusikan …
Adalah mendesak bahwa … (Gartner, 1989, p. 68).
Telah diperdebatkan bahwa … (Williams, 1997, p. 23).

Mudrajad, Kuncoro. “Metode Penelitian Untuk Bisnis dan Ekonomi.” Edisi I. Jakarta: Erlangga (2003).

Unduh file Pengganti “According to”